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We will all learn in due course from the UN Conference on Climate Change that we need to keep burning fossil fuels - the main source of carbon dioxide. The developing nations can't afford to do otherwise and while coal is cheap, coal powered stations will be built. China and India, two countries with the fastest growing demand for power, both have considerable coal resources and no doubt, they'll express their right to use it. What can be done? There is already available clean air technology that has been developed and commercially deployed. Coal power stations are already removing sulphur from emissions and carbon dioxide can and is being removed. Technology to capture and store carbon dioxide is improving all the time. Norway has been capturing and storing carbon dioxide in empty oil wells since 1996 and it is well known that carbon dioxide can be pumped into oil wells to help extract more oil. Carbon Capture and Storage, or CCS, has always been seen as part of a composite solution for emissions. It has often been written about as the third leg of a carbon dioxide reduction strategy. The others are energy efficiency and the use of carbon free energy. Capture and storage remains expensive and costs range from $150-250 per carbon tonne depending on who you speak to. Technology and wider deployment should bring those costs down and the economists will tell you as the price as carbon in the offset market is established and increases, then market forces will bring better, cheaper, fastest technologies online. That might be the case, but is there an argument for moving a little sooner. Isn't is better to push much harder for capture at source and pass the cost onto the user now? That way, the technology that is present already, can begin to reduce atmospheric carbon immediately. A programme of this kind will meet opposition. It would be inflationary for starters as everyone needs energy and there will be health and safety issues. However, if it could be phased into every power plant which sources its energy from fossil fuel, then it might just be the thing to encourage everyone to use less electricity. We are back to one of the two legs; energy efficiency or better reduction. Could the conference in Bali pass a resolution that makes carbon-capture compulsory within five years for all new oil and coal powered power plants? And existing ones in 10 years? We have the technology, hopefully there will be a trading system for offsets. Capture at source must surely be the most confident way of dealing with a C02 emission. Why let it escape into the air if you don't have to?
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